No. 4

Prospects for building of aircraft on-board laser airspeed meters

Prospects for the creation of onboard airspeed meters for aircraft based on laser measuring technologies are considered. A brief review of foreign publications is given, the main technical solutions and results of laboratory tests at JSC NIITeplopribor are given.

Keywords: onboard laser sensor, Doppler signal converter, airspeed meter, laser module.

Moisture control of agro-industrial products based on the ultra-high-frequency method

The article considers the possibility of implementing the microwave method for controlling the humidity of agro-industrial products, which can be used to control technological processes in grain processing industries and to control materials in free space, converting the parameters of the wave passed through the material into an electrical signal. The transition from the high-frequency (HF) to the range of the ultra-high-frequency (MICROWAVE) method of humidity control is shown. The functional scheme of the developed moisture meter is proposed, its electrodynamic characteristics are determined on the basis of the proposed method. Experimental data were obtained for cotton seed samples with specified humidity values.

A method for measuring grain moisture in in-line production is proposed, which allows to reduce the components of measurement errors due to the uneven distribution of moisture in the grain, the heterogeneity of the material in density and temperature.

Keywords: microwave moisture measurement, humidity, grain crops, waveguide, attenuation of microwave energy, amplitude method.

Low noise wideband amplifier for high impedance sources

The article describes the circuitry implementation of a low-noise amplifier with a low reduced noise level in a wide frequency band, low input capacitance and high gain. The paper provides an analysis of existing implementation problems, proposes a circuit solution based on the use of modern components and the possibility of varying the parameters of the amplifier for given operating conditions. The developed amplifier can find application in experimental technology and medical equipment.

Keywords: operational amplifiers, flicker noise, low-noise preamplifiers, physical experiment technique, field effect transistors with a p-n junction control.

Component magnetometer-gradientrometer

This work is devoted to the description of a multichannel instrument based on the fluxgate components magnetic field sensors. The device is designed for geomagnetic and search operations in different conditions and environments with the possibility of using various means of its movement in space.

Keywords: magnetic field, magnetic measurements, component measurements, fluxgate magnetometers, gradientometers, search for ferromagnetic objects.

Variety of electrode arrays in cochlear implantation systems

The electrode array in the cochlear implant forms a permanent and often lifelong interaction between the implanted electronics and the nerve structures of the cochlea. Primarily, the cochlear implant is used to restore hearing because of electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. An electrical stimulus or record of neural response, as with any neurostimulator designed to either deliver, has the goal to place electrodes in close proximity to targeted neural structures. The review focuses on electrode arrays in a cochlear implant system. Have been considered such parameters as length, shape, materials, and installation method. The presented data of the article concerns both arrays that have found application in the implant market and new liquid crystal electrodes that are not yet used in practice.

Keywords: cochlear implantation, an electrode array, liquid crystals, cochlear implant, electrophysiology.

Investigation of the influence of viscosity on the calibration characteristics of turbine flow meters

This article discusses the influence of oil viscosity on the calibration characteristics of turbine flow converters installed in systems for measuring the quantity and quality of oil and petroleum products. The relevance of the topic is due to the large distribution of turbine flowmeters as part of systems for measuring the quantity and quality of oil and petroleum products, as well as the lack of uncertainty estimates in existing verification methods for determining the metrological characteristics of turbine flowmeters. In the course of the study, conclusions are drawn about the possibility of correcting the metrological characteristics of turbine flowmeters, by changing the type of calibration characteristics of turbine flowmeters.

Keywords: calibration characteristic, turbine flowmeters, conversion coefficient, volume, oil, metrological characteristics, error, viscosity.

Reference measurement procedures and their application to assess the correctness of measurements obtained by other measurement procedures

The article analyzes the provisions of normative acts and normative documents. The analysis concerns the application of primary reference measurement procedures and reference measurement procedures to assess the correctness of measurements obtained by other measurement procedures. Also, the article provides real ways of using primary reference measurement procedures and reference measurement procedures to ensure the traceability of the results of working measurements.

Keywords: primary reference measurement procedure, reference measurement procedure, metrological traceability, assessment of the correctness of measurements, verification of laboratory qualifications, arbitration procedure.

The use of reference samples for metrological assurance of the electronic equipment manufacturing

Electronic enterprises create special facilities – sets of measuring and inspecting tools as a whole, – for adjustment and acceptance testing of products. Complete periodic confirmation of the facilities is carried out with the help of specially selected and calibrated reference samples of products. The authors pay special attention to the application of modern concepts and forms of regulation of metrological activities in accordance with the current regulatory documents.

Keywords: metrological assurance, electronic equipment, measuring instrument, measuring and inspecting facility, reference sample.

Review of works in the systematization of physical effects in order to create a reference catalog

The task of creating new measuring instruments in instrumentation presupposes a review of works in the field of systematization of physical effects. In this connection, there is a necessity to create a reference catalog containing information about description of known physical effects that can be used in creation of new sensors. A large number of works on the description and classification of the effects are noted. In the studied works, there is no unified form of description of physical effects and different criteria are used for their classification. Analysis of the results of the review allows us to conclude that it is necessary to study the question in more detail in order to create an expert generalization and form a reference catalog on physical effects. The reference catalog can be useful at the initial stage of work on creation of measuring instruments of physical quantities.

Keywords: physical effects, classification of physical effects, measuring instruments, reference catalog.