The article discusses the task of creating a radio engineering instrument complex for measuring the frequency dependence of the relative permittivity of polar gases using a two-probe short-circuited section of a symmetric strip line at frequencies in the decimeter range (300 MHz and 2 000 MHz) and the centimeter range (4 000 MHz, 6 000 MHz, 8 000 MHz, and 10 000 MHz). The problem of measuring the frequency dependence of the relative permittivity of polar gases at a wide range of pressures has been solved, and the design features of the measuring part of the radio engineering instrument complex have been considered.

Keywords: polar gases, measurement of the frequency dependence of the relative permittivity.

The problem of the computing modules soldering operations quality control at enterprises with a small production volume, insufficient to pay off expensive optical inspection systems, is considered. A classification of defects that occur during the performance of basic technological operations in the manufacturing process of computing modules is proposed. A mock-up of an optical control system based on high-resolution cameras is presented with a description of the software functionality required to control the computing module after each soldering operation. The required performance of the hardware and software platform for efficient calculation and display of the controlled picture is estimated.

Keywords: computing module, surface mounting, optical control, optical control system.

The paper proposes a methodology for automated testing of application software solutions used in computing systems. Cases are considered where the tester does not have access to the source code, and interaction with the system is carried out exclusively through the graphical interface. An approach based on the use of a specialized scripting language, visual recognition of interface elements and logical verification of the result using external data sources is presented. Algorithms for generating and executing tests, as well as the structure of the software package implementing the proposed methodology, are described.

Keywords: automated testing, computing systems, devices, user interface, scenarios, visual recognition, functional diagnostics.

The article discusses the innovative concept of building a digital twin of production systems based on the digital assets of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). An approach is proposed to overcome the fragmentation of data and create a complete dynamic virtual copy of the production facility. The architecture of the system combining automated process control system data, visualization and digital asset storage is described. It is shown that the use of semantically related digital assets makes it possible to increase the efficiency of management, optimization and forecasting of the behavior of production systems. The research results can be applied to create intelligent control systems of a new generation within the framework of Industry 4.0.

Keywords: digital twin, industrial Internet of things, digital assets, automated process control systems, cyber-physical systems, Industry 4.0, intelligent manufacturing.

This study investigates optimization methods for convolutional neural networks, including one- and two-stage detectors and classifiers, for real-time detection of metal rolling surface defects. Experiments conducted on the «NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier» (NVIDIA, USA) platform demonstrated that static quantization provides the highest acceleration (up to 3.2x), while pruning offers a stable performance gain (10…30 %) for architectures incompatible with quantization. The obtained results provide a basis for selecting optimization strategies to deploy automated inspection systems on resource-constrained industrial devices.

Keywords: sheet metal, surface defects of cold-rolled metal, convolutional neural network, detection and classification, model optimization, quantization, pruning, knowledge distillation, Jetson AGX Xavier.

The paper considers the possibility of using an experimental interference installation to study the reflective surfaces of flat microelements based on SiO₂H₂OZrO₂, SiO₂ZrO₂P₂O₅CaO and Al₂O₃, coated with Rh used in mirror optics systems.

Modern interference methods and tools are capable of carrying out highly accurate and reliable measurements to solve a number of complex tasks, the role of which is growing rapidly every day, therefore this work is promising. The paper presents the optical scheme of the experimental setup and its technical characteristics. The range and standard deviation in micrometers were obtained, as well as the distribution of the reflection coefficient in two directions OX and OY for the studied microoptic samples.

Keywords: flat microelement, interference installation, reflection coefficient, radiation wavelength, surface under study, range, standard deviation.

The rapid pace of scientific and technological development has necessitated comparable quantitative assessments of multidimensional quantities, which became feasible through measurements extensively using artificial intelligence. This demand has led to the expansion of interdisciplinary research and a significant increase in the number of terms applied. Their standardisation, at both the national (Russian) and international levels, in some cases causes contradictions that may reduce equipment reliability and affect product quality. The article proposes terminological solutions that facilitate the accelerated implementation of advanced technologies.

Keywords: term, definition, artificial intelligence, measuring instrument.

The article considers an approach to estimating the alignment of cylindrical surfaces based on the representation of their sections in the form of a random spatial process. A simplified methodology for estimating the position of the centers of such sections and their comparisons as the results of cumulative measurements is proposed. It has been experimentally confirmed that this approach makes it possible to significantly reduce the error in estimating the misalignment of composite cylindrical surfaces. The proposed technique can be used for monitoring and diagnostics of the corresponding optical engineering products.

Keywords: metrological support, shape deviations, geometric parameters, machine vision, diagnostics, misalignment.

A methodology for the rational selection of tree height measuring instruments in forest inventory was described, based on the evaluation of the quality indicators. Estimates of individual indicators («Measurement error», «Measurement range», «Operating temperature range», «Time to obtain tree height measurement results», «Continuous operation time», and «Instrument weight») and the cost-effectiveness for tree height measurements on a forest plot of 5 ha (3000 trees) were provided. Based on the values of the «Measurement error» and «Cost-effectiveness» indicators, the rationality of selecting the mobile laser scanner «Zeb-Horizon» for tree height measurements in forest inventory was justified.

Keywords: tree height, geodetic survey, terrestrial laser scanning, quality indicator, cost-effectiveness analysis, forest inventory.